As fergus has mentioned there are lots of points for not to do fitness testing, however, the reality at least with clubs i know is that rugby coaches/players like the process to see were certain individuals are and welcome the competition of tests.
We (Bristol) test…
1RM Box Squat (leg strength)
1RM Weighted Chin-Up (relative upper body strength)
BW RM Chin-Up (muscular endurance, ability to manage ones own weight)
Standing Long Jump (lower body power)
10 & 40m speed (speed!)
RFU Anaerobic Shuttle Test (too complex to explain but it involves shuttles and going to/getting up from the floor) (game specific endurance)
Players also undergo medical screenings.